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Covariance-based SEM workflow

Extend an approved CFA into a recursive latent structural model.

When to use this

Use this for theory-driven latent-variable paths when the supported CB-SEM assumptions fit the study.

Why it matters

Structural conclusions are only interpretable when the measurement model and model specification are credible.

Step-by-step instructions

1. Complete an approved CFA revision.
2. Define directional construct paths and link hypotheses.
3. Check identification and recursive structure.
4. Run the supported MLW estimator.
5. Review convergence, fit, paths, effects, latent R², and diagnostics.
6. Record hypothesis evidence without claiming proof.

Expected outputs

Immutable structural-model results, fit evidence, path estimates, effects, latent R², diagnostics, and hypothesis links.

How to interpret the results

Path estimates are conditional on the entire specified model. Model fit and individual paths answer different questions.

Common mistakes

Do not infer causality from model arrows alone. Do not ignore measurement problems or compare models only by one fit index.

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